Methodology for modeling high performance distributed and parallel systems

Performance modeling of distributed and parallel systems is of considerable importance to the high performance computing community. To achieve high performance, proper task or process assignment and data or file allocation among processing sites is essential. This dissertation describes an elegant approach to model distributed and parallel systems, which combines the optimal static solutions for data allocation with dynamic policies for task assignment. A performance-efficient system model is developed using analytical tools and techniques. The system model is accomplished in three steps. First, the basic client-server model which allows only data transfer is evaluated. A prediction and evaluation method is developed to examine the system behavior and estimate performance measures. The method is based on known product form queueing networks. The next step extends the model so that each site of the system behaves as both client and server. A data-allocation strategy is designed at this stage which optimally assigns the data to the processing sites. The strategy is based on flow deviation technique in queueing models. The third stage considers process-migration policies. A novel on-line adaptive load-balancing algorithm is proposed which dynamically migrates processes and transfers data among different sites to minimize the job execution cost. The gradient-descent rule is used to optimize the cost function, which expresses the cost of process execution at different processing sites. The accuracy of the prediction method and the effectiveness of the analytical techniques is established by the simulations. The modeling procedure described here is general and applicable to any message-passing distributed and parallel system. The proposed techniques and tools can be easily utilized in other related areas such as networking and operating systems. This work contributes significantly towards the design of distributed and parallel systems where performance is critical

Comparative evaluation of antibacterial effect of nanoparticles and lasers against Endodontic Microbiota : an in vitro study

Present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating antimicrobial efficacy of silver (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with and without Nd: YAG laser (L) irradiation against experimentally inoculated Enterococcus faecalis in infected human root dentin. 120 extracted single rooted human teeth were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 24 hrs. The teeth were then randomly divided into 4 experimental group: AgNPs group: irrigation for 3minutes with 50 ?l of 100 ppm, the AuNPs group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm, the AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds, the AuNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 ?l of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds. One control group consisting of 2% CHX irrigation for 3 minutes was also there (n = 20). The specimens were collected from the canal before and after irrigation, and colony forming units were observed. Significant difference was found among all the groups in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). The greatest reduction in CFU?s was observed with combination of AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group. AgNPs in combination with Nd: YAG laser irradiation has the potential to be used as root canal disinfectant

Impact of GA3 encapsulated nanosilica on maize seed viability

The nanoparticles have the potential ability of the passing cell membrane because of their nano sizes. The SiO2 nanoparticles are one of the major and frequently used engineered oxide nanoparticles. In present investigation, the potential effect of SiO2 (10-20 nm) nanoparticles on maize seed viability were studied. We observed quick result of seed viability and also increase the seed viability percentage in presence of GA3 loaded silica nanoparticles. Three concentration of (0.5, 0.2 and 0.1%) tetrazolium salts were also used for staining of living tissue. In the present experiment seeds conditioned in 150 pp GA3 encapsulated nanosilica and tested in 0.5% TZ salt gave maximum viable seeds which was due to the increased availability of GA3 and showed quick staining over 0.2% and 0.1% concentration. Among the varieties, var. Navin imbibed in 150 ppm GA3 loaded nanosilica showed higher value of viable seed under 0.5% tetrazolium solution by better availability of GA3. Gibberellic acid enhances metabolic activity of seed by secretion of α-amylase enzyme which is important for quick staining of embryonic tissue

Early prognosis prediction in acute myeloid and acute lymphoid leukemia patients using cell-free DNA concentration ratios

Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising biomarker for disease prediction in many cancers, including acute leukemia (acute myeloid leukemia [AML] and acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]). This study investigated the role of cfDNA in predicting relapse or unfavorable outcomes in acute leukemia patients upon initial diagnosis.Methods: Paired peripheral blood samples of 25 patients with ALL and AML were compared at baseline and induction/follow-up and clinically correlated with clinicopathological and outcome variables according to the risk category. cfDNA was isolated using commercial cfDNA extraction kits. The probability of poor outcomes in high-risk groups and a cut-off value for risk stratification minimal residual disease (MRD) positivity and outcome prediction were derived.Results: Twenty-five patients diagnosed with AML and ALL were risk-stratified based on NCI risk stratification, and of these 25 patients, 4 patients were of standard risk (SR) and 1 patient was of intermediate risk (IR), while a majority of patients (80%) were of high risk (HR). Of these, four HR patients passed away. The ratio of cfDNA reduction at baseline and the end of induction was a strong predictor of poor outcomes in high-risk patients, regardless of the MRD status. A cfDNA ratio score of 2.6 or higher at diagnosis/remission predicted poor outcomes, with higher accuracy than conventional MRD detection by flow cytometry.Conclusion: A higher cfDNA ratio at diagnosis/remission or at baseline predicts poor outcomes in acute leukemia patients. This pilot study suggests that cfDNA ratio scoring may be a useful tool for predicting prognosis in acute leukemia patients, regardless of the MRD status

A comparative study between propofol and thiopentone for hemodynamic parameters during induction of general anesthesia in surgical patients

Hemodynamic stability is very much important during induction of general anesthesia. So, this study was planned to compare hemodynamic parameters during induction by thiopentone and propofol. This prospective study was conducted after approval from institutional ethics committee in non-hypertensive patients of ASA grade I and II aged between 18-60 yrs of either sex, admitted for different surgical procedure. The patients were randomized into group P (propofol) and group T (thiopentone). Heart rate, both systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded during induction and at 1 minutes, 2 minutes, 3 minutes and 4 minutes interval after intubation. Thirty patients in each group were included during study period. After induction, there was fall in both mean SBP and DBP after an increase during intubation which was more in group T (p˂0.05). The statistically significant difference was observed only at 1min between two groups for SBP (P value 0.05). There was rise in heart rate during intubation in both the groups, thereafter heart rate started decreasing. The fall was similar in both the group at any given point of observation (P value >0.05). Both propofol and thiopentone alter the blood pressure and heart rate during induction in surgical patients which are more pronounced in thiopentone but these changes return close to baseline value earlier in case of propofol. So, propofol could be the preferred inducing agent in hemodynamically unstable patients. [J Med Allied Sci 2017; 7(1.000): 9-13

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Not AvailableIn order to observe the effect of aluminium toxicity on plant and soil parameters investigation was carried out on twenty cowpea genotypes grown in pots with four aluminium levels i.e. 0, 20, 40, 60 ppm with three replications following factorial complete randomized design. After five weeks of growth, individual, main effect and their interaction were studied for uptake of Aluminium and Manganese by root and shoot, post-cropping parameters of soil (pH, available P, extractable Al and extractable Mn) were observed. Genotypes of cowpea and aluminium treatments exhibited significant differences for all characters. However, interaction effect was found significant for all studied character except manganese content in soil. The genotypes G2, G3, G5 and G15 were found superior for studied character.Not Availabl